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Headwaters Perspective Headwaters News engages our readers in a different issue every other week.

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Read past Perspectives

Read the Interior Secretaries series

     

Backgrounders

Land use:

Montana county offers up unique land-use plan
Missoulian; 01/31/2006

Groups say Utah land-use laws driving housing prices up
Salt Lake Tribune; 04/07/2006

Private land conservation:

Land trusts boost private land conservation in the Rockies
NewWest.net; 04/21/2006

Colorado land trust protects ranch from development
Aspen Times; 12/21/2005

Biomass fuel:

N.M. agency gives biomass proposal another chance
Santa Fe New Mexican; 04/07/2006

Idaho school set to vote on wood-heating system
Idaho Falls Post-Register; 09/28/2005

Transportation:

Utah business group seeks funding to speed up light-rail system
Salt Lake Tribune; 04/20/2006

Montana officials take up light-rail transportation plan
Missoulian; 03/03/2006

Idaho lawmakers trim highway spending, projects
Idaho Statesman; 03/08/2006

Agriculture:

Montana farmers focus on local markets
NewWest.net; 04/20/2006

Arizona farm families turn to agritourism to pay the bills
Arizona Republic; 11/21/2005

Affordable housing:

Wyoming county explores housing options
Casper Star-Tribune; 03/17/2006

New Mexico town considers what 'affordable housing' really means
Farmington Daily Times; 04/23/2006


Related links

Sopris Foundation

Aspen Institute

Sonoran Institute

The Wirth Chair in Environmental and Community Development Policy, University of Colorado at Denver

State of the Rockies on NewWest.net

     
Western Perspective is sponsored by:

Hewlett

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Western Perspective
Park City on a green path
Utah mayor heads to Sopris Foundation Conference to share what his city is doing to create a sustainable community
By Dana Williams
Mayor of Park City, Utah
for Headwaters News
May 11, 2006

Today a group from Park City, including a City Councilwoman, representatives from agencies that deal with affordable housing, sustainability, green building, recycling and public affairs and I, will be heading to Aspen to participate in the Sopris Foundation's Conference on Innovative Ideas for a New West.

We are looking forward to spending time with other Western communities and exchanging information on how we can better plan our future.

Park City has created sustainable guidelines for our community that evaluates ideas based on impacts to our community, economy and the environment. While this may appear rather simplistic, it has created fertile ground for new direction and vision.

One small example is the conversion of our bus system to biodiesel. Last year we decided to convert the city trolley and to run it for a year on a fuel blend that contained 20 percent biodiesel.

We heard horror stories from other towns that experienced issues with gelling of the biofuel, so we decided to use one trolley as a test. The price of the fuel was about 25 percent higher, but we felt that the trade-off was worth the cost. What we learned was:

• The fuel mixture worked.

• The residents were pleased about the experiment.

• As the program expands, the price of the mixture will drop below straight diesel costs. The outcome of this project is that this summer the fourth bio-pump in the state will be installed and the fuel will be available to the public.

One source of great pride in Park City has been the protection of open space. While historically open space protection has occurred through zoning, this has been contentious at best and through litigation at worst.

Since 1999, there have been two open space bond issues passed for a total of $20 million. A committee of citizens was created to advise the city council on which parcels should be protected. To date, about 4,000 acres are protected, and negotiations are proceeding on the protection of another 3,000 acres. All parcels have conservation easements held by a third-party nonprofit organization.


A sustainable community is about balance and not prioritizing one goal over another. A sound economy, healthy natural environment and a diverse community are not in conflict and are all essential.

Park City's annual leadership training course also provides residents of the city and surrounding areas a year-long opportunity to delve into government, local issues, nonprofit organizations and community outreach. Each class decides on, develops and implements a project within a year. Projects have included high school leadership, the promotion of wind power, and last year, the adoption of "green" building design guidelines. The Park City Planning Department is reviewing our building codes to make sure that they are “green friendly,” and this summer a new public safety facility will be built to meet these principles.

Part of the equation for a sustainable community also includes sufficient affordable housing for Park City’s work force so they can live in Park City or in a neighboring community with accessible transit. The livability of a place is directly affected by the availability of an adequate amount of housing that is affordable to all residents. Through master planned developments, we will be able to increase the opportunities for attaining moderate income housing.

Economic sustainability for our winter resort town has prompted marketing year-round attractions and hosting more sporting, arts and cultural events with the goal of creating a more stable work force with year-round employment. Park City has made some major investments in facilities that benefit both locals and tourists as part of its effort to create economic sustainability.

A sustainable community is about balance and not prioritizing one goal over another. A sound economy, healthy natural environment and a diverse community are not in conflict and are all essential. We look forward to meeting with other communities this week and sharing ideas that can be utilized to protect the unique quality of life citizens are fortunate to have in Park City.

About the Author
Dana Williams was elected as mayor of Park City, Utah, in 2001 and sworn in just 12 days before the start of the 2002 Winter Olympics. He was re-elected in 2005.


 
Agriculture on the Agenda
May conference explores ways to keep farmers and ranchers on their land, preserve habitat and improve water quality
By Piper Foster
Director, Sopris Foundation Conference
for Headwaters News
May 4, 2006

We need a love song for our landscape. Our traditions, livelihood, recreation and selfhood depend on it.

Sopris Foundation's May 2006 conference explores land use, transportation, energy and growth from communities throughout the West. Many people recognize the need to embrace new ideas. An impressive roster of leaders from around the region will attend.

Sopris' forum explores concrete solutions to enrich the design of the West's landscape. The projects featured come from Europe and throughout our region – each can be implemented via public policy, modest financing, or forward thinking.

Sopris is particularly concerned that loss of farms and ranches is the crucial domino — falling fast and with predictable choreography, accelerating a loss of community, an increase in commute time (plus the energy consumed to enable this), and unaffordable housing. When a ranch is lost in favor of a subdivision, this change will never reverse. Which of these problems doesn't circulate back to how we revere land?

In fact, this distinction is the acute challenge Westerners face: what is the difference between land and landscape?

A promotional mailing from a prominent real estate company in our area opens, "The supply of farms and ranches seems to renew itself through usual means: retirements, death, and marginal economics … the overwhelming desire of so many people to ‘own a piece of the West' will keep demand levels high for these western farms and ranches…. Economics and demographics will fuel demand for the rural lifestyle as a ‘way of life' rather than a ‘fact of life.'”

This corrupt propaganda sickens: it is an offense against our authenticity.

A respondent to our recent column suggested that Sopris examine European agriculture practices. To that, I give a hearty amen.

Bill Yellowtail writes, "I urge the Sopris conference to examine the value judgments that Europeans have made regarding the cultural, landscape, environmental and economic contributions that family-scale agriculture deliver.” European value judgments address landscape, rather than just the land. Yellowtail continues, "How do nations then implement public policy to advance those values?”

Many European communities do boast policy that advances these values: family farmers are paid for the scenic amenity their land provides, in addition to the food or crops grown.


The Western agriculture business model is prime for innovation. Considering renewable energy sources as a crop, paying farmers for the public good their land provides and buying food directly from the producer will boost farm and ranch revenues.

In the recent newsletter of the American Farmland Trust, President Ralph Grossi, writes, "In a dramatic overhaul of long-held policies, Switzerland and other European Union countries have been transitioning away from traditional farm subsidies. Instead, the government now rewards farmers for the public benefits they provide, such as environmental stewardship. Swiss farmers can receive payments if they protect wildlife habitat and water quality.”

Grossi continues, "Furthermore, the Swiss recognize that their beautiful countryside draws tourists and is an integral part of their culture, so there are incentives for farmers and landowners to maintain the rural beauty of the land.”

Green payments in support of a ranch's contribution to wildlife habitat, open space and scenic amenity may be worth exploring in the West. What family farmer in La Plata County doesn't deserve compensation for the public good his or her acreage creates, given the disproportionate agriculture subsidies ingested by large commercial farming operations?

Restoring value to working landscapes is imperative before the landscape and lifestyle are lost: only 985,000 people in the United States now consider farming their primary occupation.

Paying farmers for value beyond traditional crops isn't entirely unexplored. The Conservation Reserve Program pays farmers annual rental payments for the benefit of water protection, wildlife enhancement and prevention of erosion. Let's take that further.

As Michael Pollan writes in the May 2006 edition of Mother Jones, eating locally is an evaporating tradition. Pollan comments that many folks spend more time and energy researching car mechanics or financial advisers than they do the lineage or character of the produce they eat. Divorce from our nation's food producers begins the domino choreography that ultimately evicts ranchers and farmers from the land.

The Western agriculture business model is prime for innovation. Considering renewable energy sources a crop, paying farmers for the public good their land provides and buying food directly from the producer will boost farm and ranch revenues. Overhaul of the agriculture business coupled with well-designed towns, transportation consistent with responsibility for energy use, and growth patterns that prioritize locals, is essential. The concepts need not be separated, but are best resolved in accord.

Sopris wants to spread the message that Westerners — farmers and ranchers and smaller entrepreneurs — all are afraid they are losing their historical traditions. Bigger interests are eating us up. The urgency to compel conversation among our Western neighbors is hardly feel-good or superficial. It is essential.

If you want to contribute to these solutions and engage in regionwide dialogue, please join us in Aspen or join us online by posting your comments here.


Distilling the West
Sopris Conference features projects and solutions that are replicable at reasonable cost in communities all over the West
By Piper Foster
Director, Sopris Foundation Conference
for Headwaters News
April 27, 2006

Chartreuse. More than a color, this European digestive liqueur is distilled from 168 herbs collected near the Grand Chartruese Abbey in the French Alps. It is costly, rare and is specific to the Saint Pierre du Chartreuse Mountains.

Like the Chartreuse of the Alps, the Western United States is revered worldwide. Genre movies featuring John Wayne, mythic expanse of space, 4-H fairs — these are not mementos, but cultural assets as distinctive as Chartreuse. If only we hallowed our recipe for Western identity as the French monastics do their liqueur.

The Sopris Foundation believes every Western community faces a moment of reckoning with its identity. In the cross hairs of development and growth, profiled daily in our newspapers, how can entrepreneurial and elected leadership respond? With what tools can we equip them?

That is the subject of an upcoming Sopris Foundation conference. Titled "Innovative Ideas for a New West," the conference explores best practices in land-use planning, renewable energy and wider transportation choices – with applicability specific to the rural and mid-sized towns of the American West.

Shirl Boyce of the Boise Valley Economic Partnership recently shared a line from a 1907 Boise promotional brochure: "If you are desirous of changing your abiding place and are a progressive citizen, willing to help shoulder the burdens … of the community in which you make your home, your welcome among us will be most cordial…" Isn't this apropos of all that we Westerners should demand? Teamwork to share ideas and create the kind of town 180 degrees from those faceless sprawls from which many of our newest residents are fleeing?

The Sopris Foundation's slate of best practices is pertinent to these questions:

• Are we Westerners learning from our neighboring communities as well we could?

• Are we consecrating our work in public policy toward legislation with vision and teeth — procurement standards, impact studies, the political backbone to subsidize fledging initiatives or "zone-it-like-you-mean-it"?

• Are we looking for measures to make our communities more livable?

• Are we passionate about preserving businesses like ranching that have defined the historic, iconic West, or will we just allow them to slip away, replaced by subdivisions?

What is the Sopris Foundation?
The Sopris Foundation is a family foundation funded by John McBride, a Colorado developer, rancher and pilot. As a developer, he knows how easy it is to screw up the landscape; as a rancher he knows how hard it is to save it; and as a long-time pilot, he knows how easy it is to see the difference! But more, unlike many entrepreneurs fixated on bottom lines, John's driving curiosity is with new ideas. This guides Sopris' 2006 conference.

Past conferences addressed national political and environmental themes, but it was John's curiosity about European best practices that shifted our 2006 focus. Having traveled to Europe following his sons Johno (the US Ski Team Men's Alpine coach) and Peter (a National Geographic photographer), John felt there were practices worth emulating by the planners, elected officials and entrepreneurs in the West.

Initially, Sopris considered exclusively featuring European models of land-preservation, transportation, and energy. Indeed some of our featured projects and presenters do hail from Switzerland and Austria. Not surprisingly, though, we also discovered a treasure chest of fine local initiatives native to the United States:

Mark Sardella of Local Energy in Santa Fe, N.M., will share his work with mobile, modular biomass heat units whose price flirts with the pocket-books of even the most conservative real-estate developer.

Sue Zielinski, of the University of Michigan's SMART program, will discuss the range of transportation initiatives that don't hinge on urban population densities but which would ease the commute and transit choices designed by any planner or municipal procurement officer.

Brian Halweil will present his research on supporting local agriculture and the potential for farmers to diversify their revenue streams via agri-tourism or school-centered farm studies.

Betsy Hands of homeWORD in Missoula, Mont., will describe her work promoting green, affordable housing.

• Speakers on agricultural energy, car-sharing, solar, waste-heat recapture, Transferable Development Rights (TDRs), easements, place-based design and more.

Today the American West must live up to its legacy as a showcase for innovation. The pressures of growth demand it. If every Western community were impatient for trends to trickle down from coastal, urban centers, why couldn't innovative projects emanate from Dillon, Mont., Sedona, Ariz., or Walla Walla, Wash.?

At this conference, projects and solutions featured by the above speakers and others have to be replicable and easily emulated at reasonable cost in rural and mid-sized communities all over the West.

Some solutions are free to implement: The mayors of Park City, Salt Lake City and Moab compete to see which Utah municipality uses the most wind energy. This competition costs nothing more than the pride of the mayors who lose each month: they must wear a T-Shirt to their council meetings boasting the winning city's name. A local company provides free parking to hybrid vehicles. Steamboat Springs appointed a "green-team" to identify procurement standards, perform a carbon audit, and research high-performance buildings for city infrastructure.

Our hope is that the knowledge-sharing among attendees will meaningfully enhance the contribution of speakers. Through question-and-answer sessions, informal conversation, paper and electronic "brainstorm boards" on which to record each communities' best practices (posted throughout the conference venue), and a post-conference, online blog initiated by former Secretary of the Interior, Bruce Babbitt, the Sopris Foundation will facilitate the exchange of knowledge to enrich the learning curve of creative leaders in the West.

What could you offer your community if armed with these innovative ideas? How many more periods remain for Westerners to draft a plan that hallows our landscape – and its magic?

May 2006 event is the impetus for regional brainstorming
As Daniel Kemmis, Senior fellow at the Center for the Rocky Mountain West (of which Headwaters News is a project) and a conference speaker, said earlier this year, we must envision this conference as part of a larger dialogue. While individualism is core to Western identity mythology, we must consider ourselves teammates. We are all here practicing together and should be talking together.

Our West is as unique as the Chartruese of the Alps. Let's acknowledge the specific product — our livability — distilled in our arid air, and hallow it as the monk's hallow their recipe. As communities who take ownership of the specific things we love about this place, let's rally against the inertia blinding us to the urgency. Western character and land demand teamwork to be preserved. This task is righteous. And it is owned solely by our generation.


You, too, can join us
We hope people who are not part of the sustainability "choir" will join us. These initiatives are not painted green – they are and should be considered as mainstream as market economics: well-planned communities make fiscal sense.

We have invited leadership from the Intermountain West – elected officials, entrepreneurs, members of the philanthropic grantmaking community, journalists, community organizers, ranchers and farmers, and planners.

Form a team of four, and attend with your mayor, council-members, local philanthropists, or educators and receive a discount on registration. We believe the collection of interests hearing of models "crazy enough they might just work" will perpetuate the dialogue and action necessary for success. One lone-drummer will be impossibly challenged to implement innovations back in Walla Walla, while a cadre of new biodiesel, biomass, or car-share evangelists leverage real traction.

If you are interested in joining in the event, please contact us.

About the Author

Piper Foster received her BA in Politics at Whitman College in Walla Walla, WA. She served as a legislative aide for Congressman George Nethercutt, Jr. in his Washington DC office, and lived in Barcelona studying music and Arabic. She worked in the Development office at Rocky Mountain Institute prior to joining the Sopris Foundation in May 2005. She works part time as the Executive Director of Tomorrow's Voices.

Headwaters News is a project of the
Center for the Rocky Mountain West
at the University of Montana.
 

Foreword:
Share your ideas for the New West

By Daniel Kemmis,
for Headwaters News
April 27, 2006

Another stimulating conversation about the challenges and opportunities facing the Rocky Mountain West is on the horizon, as the Sopris Foundation hosts a conference in Aspen entitled "Innovative Ideas for a New West.”

I’m looking forward to the conference, but for now I want to invite you to read Piper Foster’s lively description.

Even if you can’t attend the conference, please respond to Piper’s column. We’d like to hear your ideas for a new West.

What: A forum to learn best practices applicable to mid-sized communities of the Intermountain West

Where: Aspen Institute — Aspen, Colo.

When: May 12-14, 2006

Who should attend: Elected officials, entrepreneurs, ranchers and farmers, planners, concerned citizens, members of the philanthropic community from the Intermountain West.


Daniel Kemmis
writes
a monthly column for Headwaters News that focuses issues common to the Rocky Mountain States.


Mr. Kemmis is a Senior Fellow at the Center for the Rocky Mountain West at The University of Montana.

He is the former Mayor of Missoula, Montana, and a former Speaker and Minority Leader of the Montana House of Representatives.

Join Mr. Kemmis for a fireside chat on Saturday, May 13th, at the Sopris Conference.

 

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